What is Melanotan?
Melanotan is a synthetic analog of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) that binds to melanocortin receptors in the skin. Originally developed for potential photoprotection against UV radiation damage, melanotan stimulates melanogenesis - the production of melanin pigment in melanocytes. This results in skin darkening that provides natural protection against harmful UV radiation without requiring sun exposure.
α-MSH Analog
Synthetic analog of natural alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone that activates melanocortin receptors.
Photoprotection Research
Originally researched for UV protection through increased melanin production and natural photoprotective mechanisms.
Research and Mechanisms
Melanotan activates melanocortin-1 receptors (MC1R) in melanocytes, triggering the production of melanin pigment through natural biochemical pathways.
- ✓ MC1R Activation: Binds to melanocortin-1 receptors to initiate cAMP-mediated melanogenesis pathways.
- ✓ Tyrosinase Upregulation: Increases tyrosinase enzyme activity crucial for melanin synthesis.
- ✓ Melanin Production: Stimulates both eumelanin and pheomelanin production for skin pigmentation.
The increased melanin production provides natural photoprotection against UV radiation damage, potentially reducing skin cancer risk.
- ✓ UV Absorption: Melanin acts as a natural sunscreen by absorbing and dissipating UV energy.
- ✓ DNA Protection: Reduces UV-induced DNA damage in skin cells and keratinocytes.
- ✓ Antioxidant Activity: Melanin provides antioxidant protection against reactive oxygen species.
Melanotan carries significant safety considerations and potential side effects that require careful medical evaluation and supervision.
- ! Research Status: Not approved by regulatory agencies; use limited to research protocols with appropriate oversight.
- ! Side Effects: May cause nausea, facial flushing, appetite loss, and spontaneous penile erections.
- ! Pigmentation Concerns: May cause uneven pigmentation, mole darkening, and potentially permanent skin changes.
References & Citations
- Hadley, M. E., et al. (1998). Discovery and development of novel melanocortin ligands for melanoma prevention. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 41(21), 4127-4134. Source.
- Dorr, R. T., et al. (2000). Effects of a superpotent melanotropic peptide in combination with solar UV radiation on tanning of the skin in human volunteers. Archives of Dermatology, 136(7), 853-860. Source.
- Levine, N., et al. (1991). Induction of skin tanning by subcutaneous administration of a potent synthetic melanotropin. JAMA, 266(19), 2730-2736. Source.
Ask Dr. John About Melanotan
Get personalized clinical insights from Dr. Jobby John, PharmD, FACA. Ask specific questions about Melanotan and receive evidence-based answers from his extensive clinical experience.
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